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AhLinux..The pinnacle of what open source can achieve today..the brainchild of Linus Torvalds has surely come a lot further and evolved to show the world what it is capable of.As an extremely reliable Operating system, Linux rarely needs to be rebooted. But when it does, its often slow to boot.Loads of Matrix style lines scrolling down the screen are sure to drive nuts added with boot time of GUI initialization.. Fortunately, there are ways to speed things up. Some of these methods are not terribly difficult. (although some, unfortunately, are). Lets take a look at Top 10 Speed hacks of Linux and let your linux box reincarnate with speed.

[1]. Quick Fixes - Disable unnecessary services

Linux comes in various flavors bundled with a lot of applications.However,most of us don't even use Linux to its full potential. Depending upon the use of the machine, plenty of services and running programs wont be needed. And if you are using Linux just for a desktop,then you wont be needing the default sendmail , httpd, and many other services.You can also turn off many other services if your Linux box is used as a small web server by going to Administration menu,tweaking the Services entry and deselect all of the services you dont want to start.

[2]. Free up Your Kernel - Disable unnecessary kernel modules

If your Linux box is wired to the LAN/Ethernet,then you dont need to have a wireless kernel module loaded. More services like smartcard modules and more can be disabled and the load can be taken off from the kernel.This task is a bit difficult requires recompilation of kernel, which is daunting for even the *inux geeks. To do this, you will need the kernel sources and then follow the standard steps for compiling a kernel. You will be having a ride through the internals of your system just disable all of the kernel modules you dont need.

For added safety,install Bootchart which will tell you if Kernel modules are properly installed and running on your system. Not only will this give you a good list of modules, it will illustrate for you what is happening during your system boot. You can also issue the command

chkconfig list | grep 3:on

to find out what services are running. Once you know what loading modules you dont need, you can remove them during a kernel recompilation. While youre at it, compile the kernel to exactly match your architecture.

[3]. Take Load Off Linux - Use a lightweight window manager instead of GNOME or KDE

Using a smaller window manager drastically reduces graphical boot time. Instead of having to wait that extra 30 to 60 seconds for GNOME or KDE to boot up, why not wait two to 10 seconds for Enlightenment or XFCE to boot up? Not only will they save you boot time, they will save your memory and the headache of dealing with bloatware.

[4]. CUI ROKZ - Use a text-based login instead of a graphical login

The graphical logins do two things: increase load times and create headaches trying to recover from an X windows failure.Most of Linux machines which boot to run level 3 instead of run level 5 will halt at the text-based login, where you only have to log in and issue startx to start your desktop of choice.So CUI login is the way to go.

[5]. The Flying Penguin - Use a lighter Linux distribution

Are You a Linux newbie ? Instead of loading the heavyweight SUSE, why not try a DSL, Puppy Linux, or Gentoo? The boot times for these smaller distributions are far faster than the more bloated Fedora (SUSE and even Ubuntu).Loading lighter linux distributions will save you from lot of headaches. Of the larger distributions, OpenSuSE claims to boot the fastest, but between the latest Fedora and Ubuntu, Ubuntu blows Fedoras boot times away (and that is out of the box,trust me..).

[6]. Get Savvy - Use an OpenBIOS

If youre tech savvy enough to upgrade your PCs firmware, you might consider a migration to open source BIOS which will allow Linux to actually initialize the hardware as it boots (instead of relying on the BIOS). Also, many open BIOSes can be customised to meet your machines specific needs. If you dont go the open BIOS route, you can at least configure your BIOS to not search for a floppy drive thats not there or to boot directly to the first hard drive (instead of the CD drive first).

[7]. DHCP woes - Avoid dhcp

If you are working on a home network (or a small business network) where address lease isnt a problem, go with static IP addresses. This will keep your machine from having to call out to a dhcp server to get an IP address. If you take this approach, make sure you configure your

/etc/resolve.conf

to reflect your DNS server addresses as well.

[8]. Hotplug unplugged - If you can spare it, get rid of hotplug

Hotplug is the system that allows you to plug in new devices and use them immediately. If you know your server wont need this system, delete it. This will cut down on boot time. On many systems, hotplugging consumes much of the boot time. Removing hotplug will vary depending upon the distribution you use.

NOTE: udev has, for the most part, replaced hotplug. But if youre running an older distribution, this does apply.

[9]. If you are REALLY daring, you could give initng a try

The initng system serves as a replacement for the sysvinit system and promises to drastically decrease boot times in UNIX-like operating systems. If you would like to see the initng system in action, you can give the Pingwinek livecd a try.

[10]. HackerPunk - Use a hack with Debian

If youre using Debian, there is a simple hack you can use to switch your startup scripts to run in parallel. If you look at the

/etc/init.d/rc

script, you will see:

CONCURRENCY=none

around line 24. Change this line to

CONCURRENCY=shell

and you should see a reduction in boot times.

Shall i say Thats All Folks.. . Yep..thats it..thats the way it is. There are ofcourse better speed hacks available but the above ones shall cover pretty much everything.

So..Keep learning Folks

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